b"cars is in thinking that traditional jump startingor worse, trying to chargeJust remember to put the hood up before expecting anything to charge; WKH\x03\x17\x1b\x03YROW\x03/LWKLXP\x10LRQ\x03EDWWHU\\\x03SDFN\x03LV\x03WKH\x03DQVZHU\x11\x03 more on this in a moment. There is also a stated emergency charging pro\x10With BMW's system, as well as all the other 48 volt deployments outcedure provided if the automatic charging routine does not function.there, jump starting or trying to charge these cars incorrectly may cause7KH\x03 EHQHWV\x03 RI\x03 %0:V\x03 \x17\x1b\x03 YROW\x03 PLOG\x03 K\\EULG\x03 DSSOLFDWLRQ\x03 DUH\x03 LPSUHVVLYH\x11\x03VLJQLFDQW\x03GDPDJH\x03WR\x03WKH\x03\x17\x1b\x03YROW\x03V\\VWHP\x0f\x03LWV\x03FRPSRQHQWV\x0f\x03RU\x03PRGXOHV\x11\x032U\x03 $OWKRXJK\x03 WKH\x03 V\\VWHPV\x03 FODVVLFDWLRQ\x03 PHDQV\x03 WKDW\x03 WKH\x03 (OHFWULF\x03 0DFKLQH\x03an AutomotiveTechInfo.com publication worse, the tech, shop and customer may have a really bad day with thatFDQQRW\x03GULYH\x03WKH\x03YHKLFOHV\x03ZKHHOV\x03E\\\x03LWVHOI\x0f\x03%0:V\x036*5\x03(OHFWULF\x030DFKLQH\x03\x17\x1b\x03YROW\x03/LWKLXP\x10LRQ\x03EDWWHU\\\x11\x03 does provide an extra 10 horsepower of boost, when the vehicle goes into Alwaysfollowpub\x10 eBoost or eOverboost mode, to provide the crankshaft with a smooth and lishedOEMinstruc\x10 powerful boost in load conditions. tions for charging and,Q\x03DGGLWLRQ\x0f\x03WKLV\x03WHFKQRORJ\\\x0f\x03ZKHQ\x03IXOO\\\x03GHSOR\\HG\x03WKURXJK\x03WKH\x03%0:\x03OLQHV\x0f\x03jump starting carefully. willassuredlyhelpreducetheamountoftimingchainandguidewear ImagesFortunately,intheH[SHULHQFHG\x03ZLWK\x03WKH\x036WDUW\x106WRS\x03HTXLSSHG\x03HQJLQHV\x0f\x03DV\x03WKH\x03HOHFWULF\x03PRWRU\x03ZLOO\x03courtesyBMWapplications,PRUH\x03VPRRWKO\\\x03UDPS\x03XS\x03HQJLQH\x03VWDUW\x0f\x03UDWKHU\x03WKDQ\x03WKH\x03VODP\x10EDP\x03DFWLRQ\x03RI\x03BMW the48voltelectricalthe 12 volt starter doing the job. system'schargingThese cars do still have a 12 volt starter and battery. However, the 12 volt appearstobefullyVWDUWHU\x03LV\x03RQO\\\x03XVHG\x03DW\x03FROG\x03VWDUW\x1e\x03RQFH\x03WKH\x03YHKLFOH\x03LV\x03DW\x03RSHUDWLQJ\x03WHPS\x0f\x03WKH\x03automaticfromthe6*5\x03(OHFWULF\x030DFKLQH\x03WDNHV\x03RYHU\x03VWDUW\x10VWRS\x03DQG\x03VWDUWHU\x03UHODWHG\x03IXQFWLRQV\x1112voltchargingand Introducing BMW's 48 Volt MHEVs jumpstartterminals.Thereareseveralotherneatfeaturesintegratedintothissystem.For H[DPSOH\x0f\x03WKH\x03V\\VWHP\x03ZRUNV\x03ZLWK\x03WKH\x03'6&\x03DQG\x03WKH\x03EUDNLQJ\x03V\\VWHP\x03WR\x03SURYLGH\x03electric braking (recuperation) functions. The system also integrates with BMWs Push for Electrification Includes PHEVs and EVs. WKH\x03HQWLUH\x03%0:\x03(FLHQW\x03'\\QDPLFV\x03YHKLFOH\x03PDQDJHPHQW\x03VFKHPH\x0f\x03LQFOXGLQJ\x03Now, the Beehive Beauties with ICE Powertrains Also Get Juiced Up. Figures 2 and 3 showDOO\x03VWDUW\x03V\\VWHP\x03PRGXOHV\x0f\x03DGYDQFHG\x03GULYHU\x03DVVLVWDQFH\x03V\\VWHPV\x03(36\x0f\x03WKH\x03(*6\x03the 48 volt wiringtransmission for coasting functions and, of course, the air bag system for schematic (Figure 2)HPHUJHQF\\\x03\x17\x1b\x03YROW\x03FXWR\x11and communications network schematicThe BMW 48 Volt Electrical System,For the last several years, BMW has been laying the groundwork for theAnother good reason to study and familiarize yourself with 48 volt systems(Figure 3). A quick study here uncoversDenition and EV ClassicationLQWHJUDWLRQ\x03RI\x03D\x03SRSXODU\x03QHZ\x03EULGJH\x03WHFKQRORJ\\\x03IRU\x03HHW\x03HOHFWULFDWLRQ\x03WKDW\x03 is that in most applications, including the BMW models, the 48 volt systemjust how deep the,Q\x03%0:V\x03FDVH\x0f\x03WKH\x03%RVFK\x036*5\x03\x0b6WDUWHU\x03PRWRU\x03*HQHUDWRU\x0c\x03FRQJXUDWLRQ\x03LV\x03appears to be sweeping through the entire industry. BMW's 48 volt Mildbecomes the primary electrical system in the car, running the 12 volt systemFigure 2 electrical integrationFODVVLHG\x03DV\x03D\x033\x10\x13\x03+\\EULG\x0f\x03ZKLFK\x03LV\x03LGHQWLHG\x03DV\x03D\x03EHOW\x10GULYHQ\x03PHWKRG\x03RI\x03Hybrid (MHEV) solution is now a proven technology and is being deployedLQ\x03SDUDOOHO\x11\x037KH\x03VLJQLFDQFH\x03KHUH\x03LV\x03WKDW\x03LI\x03HLWKHU\x03RQH\x03RU\x03WKH\x03RWKHU\x03SRZHU\x03 of this system really is. PLOG\x10K\\EULGL]DWLRQ\x11\x037KHUH\x03DUH\x03YH\x03LQGXVWU\\\x03GHVLJQDWLRQV\x03IRU\x03K\\EULG\x03DQG\x03(9\x03LQ\x03 PRUH\x03 DQG\x03 PRUH\x03 %0:\x03 FDU\x03 OLQHV\x11\x03 7KHUH\x03 ZHUH\x03 VHYHUDO\x03 EHWD\x03 WPHQWV\x03 RI\x03 systems (or the 12 volt control module of a 48 volt component) fails, theFODVVLFDWLRQV\x03WKDW\x03GHQH\x03ZKDW\x03W\\SH\x03RI\x03V\\VWHP\x03LW\x03LV\x03DQG\x03GHQHV\x03WKH\x03ZD\\\x03WKH\x03BMW's new technology in European markets in 2019. vehicle will not initialize or start.WHFKQRORJ\\\x03LV\x03LPSOHPHQWHG\x03RQ\x03WKH\x03SODWIRUP\x11\x036HH\x03)LJXUH\x03\x17\x11$FFRUGLQJ\x03WR\x03%0:\x0f\x03WKH\x03\x17\x1b\x03YROW\x03V\\VWHP\x03ZDV\x03UVW\x03LQWURGXFHG\x03LQ\x03WKH\x038\x116\x11\x03 7KHUH\x03KDYH\x03EHHQ\x03PDQ\\\x03WRZHG\x03LQ\x03QR\x10VWDUW\x03FRPSODLQWV\x03RQ\x03\x17\x1b\x03YROW\x03V\\VWHPV\x03 Now that we've covered BMW's entry into the 48 volt world, the Mild Hybrid market in June of 2020 on the G30 chassis, in the 540i and 540ix modelsfrom all OEMs that directly relate to either 48 volt battery depletion, or 12DQG\x03(9\x03FODVVLFDWLRQV\x0f\x03DQG\x03W\\SLFDO\x03(OHFWULF\x030DFKLQH\x03DQG\x037UDFWLRQ\x030RWRU\x03VSHFLFDOO\\\x03ZLWK\x03WKH\x03%\x18\x1b\x03HQJLQH\x11\x03,W\x03ZDV\x03WKHQ\x03LQWHJUDWHG\x03LQ\x03WKH\x03*\x15\x13\x03FKDVVLV\x03 volt battery depletion. Where techs can get in trouble quickly with theselocations, let's look further into some of the details of the components of 340i and 340ix models. BMW states in their 48 volt technical overview thatFigure 1: The 48 volt electrical system from BMWthe BMW 48 volt electrical system. DV\x03RI\x03-XO\\\x03\x15\x13\x15\x13\x0f\x03DOO\x03%0:\x03PRGHOV\x03RHUHG\x03ZLWK\x03WKH\x03%\x18\x1b\x03\x19\x10F\\OLQGHU\x03HQJLQH\x03 is now the primary electrical system in theThere are several things that techs need to know about for diagnosing and ZLOO\x03EH\x03WWHG\x03ZLWK\x03WKH\x03\x17\x1b\x03YROW\x03V\\VWHP\x1e\x03VR\x03WKLV\x03QRZ\x03LQFOXGHV\x03FDUV\x0f\x03FURVVRYHUV\x03 vehicle and is fully integrated intoservicing these new systems, so we'll try to touch on the important things DQG\x03689\x03PRGHOV\x11\x03 WKH\x03(FLHQW\x03'\\QDPLFV\x03YHKLFOH\x03 as we explore how this novel technology works.management platform.To understand just how quickly this technology has proliferated throughBeware! There Are Two New DIN or Track-Circuit Terminal-the BMW lineup in three short years, consider that in mid 2020 only a KDQGIXO\x03RI\x03%\x18\x1b\x10HTXLSSHG\x03%0:\x03PRGHOV\x03FDUULHG\x03WKLV\x03QHZ\x03WHFKQRORJ\\\x11\x037RGD\\\x03 Circuit Numbers to Learnin 2023, there are some 51 BMW models that have the 48 volt system7KH\x03 W\\SLFDO\x03 ',1\x03 VFKHPDWLF\x03 WHUPLQDO\x03 LGHQWLHUV\x03 WKDW\x03 ZH\x03 DUH\x03 DOO\x03 IDPLOLDU\x03integrated into their platforms. That's a lot of engineering changes to thesewithusingonourEuropeanOEMschematicshavebeenupdatedwith platforms in a 5 year span. QHZ\x03WHUPLQDO\x03GHVLJQDWLRQ\x03QXPEHUV\x03VSHFLF\x03WR\x03\x17\x1b\x03YROW\x03V\\VWHPV\x03LQGXVWU\\\x10ZLGH\x11\x03 6FKHPDWLFV\x03 VKRZ\x03 WKDW\x03 RXU\x03 IDPLOLDU\x03 WHUPLQDO\x03 GHVLJQDWLRQV\x0f\x03 LH\x1d\x03 BMW specialists and technicians everywhere should get their heads intoTerminal 15 (key on), Terminal 30 (fused power), and Terminal 31 (ground) the nuts and bolts (and electrons) of what makes this 48 volt system work.Figure 3 DQG\x03VR\x03RQ\x0f\x03KDYH\x03\x15\x03QHZ\x03',1\x03WHUPLQDO\x03GHVLJQDWLRQV\x03ZLWK\x03WKH\x03DGGLWLRQ\x03RI\x03 Learning about this newer technology is important, as it looks like we'll be48 volt equipment.seeing a bunch of these vehicles in our bays over the next few years. 25 8"